Wildland Firefighting Practice Exam

When do air tankers and helicopters lose their effectiveness?

1. 10-15 mph

2. 15-20 mph

3. 20-30 mph

4. 30-40 mph

The correct answer is: 20-30 mph

Air tankers and helicopters begin to lose their effectiveness as wind speeds increase beyond a certain threshold. In this case, at wind speeds of 20-30 mph, the challenges associated with aerial firefighting become significantly heightened. When wind speeds exceed this range, the dynamics of dropping water or fire retardant change drastically. Strong winds can cause the retardant to drift away from the intended target, diminishing the effectiveness of the drop in controlling the fire. Additionally, gusty winds can complicate the flight maneuvers necessary for precise positioning, making it difficult for pilots to accurately deliver their payloads. Also, safety becomes a primary concern at higher wind speeds; the risks of turbulence, loss of control, and challenges in maintaining stable flight increase significantly. Consequently, at wind speeds approaching or exceeding 30 mph, the operational capabilities of air tankers and helicopters in fire suppression activities are considerably compromised. Thus, it is crucial for firefighting teams to monitor wind conditions closely to ensure the air resources can operate effectively.